6023 King Edward II is todays lucky locomotive to be hauling the famous Cornish Riviera Express, after a brief stop at Exeter St. Davids, it is time to continue this grand service towards Penzance.
Built as one of the most powerful locomotives of the steam age, the GWR 6000 King Class truly was a spectacle of Great Western traction, and plays a vital role in Train Simulator’s Riviera Line in the Fifties route, available exclusively with TS2016.
After the turn of the 20th Century, the Great Western Railway was looking to produce the most powerful steam locomotive in Britain, so C. B. Collett turned to designing a new express passenger locomotive of which would feature the boiler from the 2-8-0 4700 Class mounted on the standard 4-6-0 chassis, however this proved to be too heavy for several of the bridges along the GWR network and was unable to be produced. As a compromise, Collett enlarged G. J. Churchward’s Star Class to produce the ever-popular Castle Class.
The Castle Class ended up being titled the most powerful express passenger locomotive in Britain, which GWR were deservedly proud of, however in 1926, the Southern Railway produced their Lord Nelson class which stole the title off the Castle. This recent blow to GWR and the need for a loco which could meet future traffic requirements meant Collett began designing an even stronger locomotive.
Following the launch of the Lord Nelson Class, the Bridge Stress Committee relaxed the restrictions of locomotive weights across the GWR network following extensive testing, this meant that Collett could build a heavier, more powerful locomotive than was possible before. The King Class was not only designed to compete with the Southern Railway, but the locomotive would also be the answer to future traffic requirements as express passenger trains would only be getting longer and heavier in years to come.
Using the same initial design drawn up years before, the new locomotive was constructed and the result was an express passenger locomotive with an impressive 39,700 lbf tractive effort. The GWR’s General Manager, Sir Felix Pole requested that the King Class should be built to produce a tractive effort of 40,300 lbf, this would be a major achievement in steam locomotive production and so the Kings were fitted with enlarged cylinders to achieve this incredible power. The cylinders remained in place until the Kings first overhaul, which saw the original ones refitted, reverting them back to 39,700 lbf.
The King Class was considered a strange looking locomotive, as despite featuring the same sleek, classic GWR design, the enlarged boiler and cylinders on the standard 4-6-0 frame looked out of place, leaving a ‘powerful but slow’ look to the King. It was suggested that such a design would be much better suited to a 4-6-2 Pacific frame, but following GWR’s unsuccessful 111 The Great Bear, GWR wanted to stay clear of pacific designs.
The Kings were the limit of 4-6-0 wheelbases, nothing could be built bigger whilst remaining on the same chassis, this made them the pinnacle of the Great Western Railway, they hauled famous specials such as the Bristolian or the Cornish Riviera Express at high speeds across the Great Western Network, however there were a few down sides that the King introduced to these and similar services during operation.
Firstly, the Kings were too heavy to cross the Royal Albert Bridge into Cornwall and so a Castle Class had to take over just before Cornwall whenever the Cornish Riviera Express was hauled by a King, the other problem was despite being able to haul more coaches than any other GWR train, most of the major platforms were not long enough to cope with such increases, so it was several years before the Kings could fully serve their potential on these special services.
Following nationalisation in 1948, it was common practice to exchange ex. Big Four locomotives across the various regions of the network, due to the King Class housing immense power and weight, the only other route it was authorised to operate on in the UK was from London Kings Cross to Leeds. The Kings were granted the same power output as the LNER A4, LMS Duchess and SR Merchant Navy Classes at a mighty 8P, The Kings did however struggle on this ‘foreign’ route, despite being able to make impressively fast starts out of Kings Cross and other awkward places when compared to LNER Pacifics, the Kings struggled to operate well on the South Yorkshire coal being used.
Luckily enough, Swindon Works had already began work on a fix for the less than satisfactory South Yorkshire coal, when William Stanier transferred from GWR to LMS in 1932, he quickly learnt that the quality difference in the coal necessitated the use of superheaters in locomotives and so since then, Swindon had been using 6022 King Edward III as a test bed for the addition of high-degree superheaters. Following the discovery on the East Coast Main Line, progress to amend the issue was accelerated and two other locomotives, 6001 King Edward VII and 6015 King Richard III, were fitted with other modifications to the draughting equipment and the addition of double blast pipes and chimneys.
The discovery from all the testing carried out lead to the upgrade of all the King Class locomotives, the result of the upgrade was a vastly superior King, operating the best they had ever done during their life span and their true glory days were in the last several years before withdrawal in 1962. Out of all 31 locomotives, only 3 survived into preservation, 6000 King George V, 6023 King Edward II and 6024 King Edward I.
King George V was lucky enough to be operating again as soon as 1971, operating the final leg of the Bulmer's Pullman in that October, putting to shame the short-lived diesels that barely lasted a third of 6000s operational life. King George V has now been put on display at the National Railway Museum in York, King Edward II is currently going under mainline certification at Didcot Railway Centre and King Edward I is being overhauled at the West Somerset Railway.
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King Edward II is already up to speed as she passes Exminster, with no intention of stopping until she reaches Plymouth.
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King Edward II is a thirsty beast after travelling some 200 miles from London Paddington, luckily these water troughs allow for a non-stop refill, drink up!
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Rounding the curve toward Starcross, we see King Edward II looking as powerful as ever, putting that water to good use.
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King Edward II races past Starcross with 12 Centenary coaches in-tow, the maximum ever allowed on the Cornish Riviera Express was 14, of which the King Class was more than capable of hauling.
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King Edward II passes 6802 Bampton Grange hauling the local freight, a lot more freight was transported by rail in the fifties compared to today, members of the King Class managed to avoid such mundane duties.
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Time to stoke the fire as King Edward II gives her best through Dawlish Warren, note the oddly designed front bogie trucks that allowed for easy turning clearance with the fitting of the 40,300 lbf capable cylinders.
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As King Edward II turns towards Dawlish, it is shadowed by the Riviera Line’s famous ‘Red Rock’, a true icon of the Great Western coastline.
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Just before thundering past Dawlish station, King Edward II passes one of the best trainspotting locations in the country, the Dawlish Sea Wall.
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After darting in and out of several tunnels along the Dawlish coast, King Edward II finally emerges, the speed is back up to 75 and the safety valves are blowing.
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There are some fantastic spots to view locomotives outside of Teignmouth, with this one showing the true nature of how many coaches a King Class can haul with ease.
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On the approach to Newton Abbot, King Edward II passes an express passenger service hauled by 5093 Upton Castle, upon arrival in Cornwall, King Edward II will be replaced by another member of the Castle Class for the journey to Penzance.
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King Edward II storms through Newton Abbot, the Cornish Riviera Express never stopped here until the late 1980s when the, back-then, modern High Speed Trains would be providing the service.
REASON TO BUY TS2016
If you've not yet bought TS2016, this is a great time to get on board and take a journey through the extreme. With trains so advanced you'd swear they were the real thing. Haul thousands of tons of cargo over Sherman Hill Summit in the legendary Union Pacific Gas Turbine, command the mighty Castle Class in the golden age of steam on the busy route of the famous Cornish Riviera and beat the clock as a Deutsche Bahn driver on the challenging West Rhine Main Line. Why not get involved with a passionate community and join in the fun of our many forthcoming competitions.
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